He aha nā PVC Stabilizers

Nā mea hoʻopaʻa paʻa PVChe mau mea hoʻohui i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kūpaʻa wela o ka polyvinyl chloride (PVC) a me kāna copolymers. No nā plastik PVC, inā ʻoi aku ka mahana o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana ma mua o 160 ℃, e hana ʻia ka decomposition thermal a e hana ʻia ke kinoea HCl. Inā ʻaʻole e hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e hoʻonui hou ʻia kēia decomposition thermal, e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā plastik PVC.

Ua ʻike ʻia nā haʻawina inā loaʻa i nā plastik PVC nā paʻakai liʻiliʻi o ka paʻakai kēpau, kopa metala, phenol, amine aromatic, a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia ʻia kāna hana ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana, akā naʻe, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia kona decomposition thermal i kekahi ʻano. Hoʻolaha kēia mau haʻawina i ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o nā stabilizers PVC.

ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa paʻa PVC maʻamau, ʻo ia nā mea hoʻopaʻa organotin, nā mea hoʻopaʻa paʻakai metala, a me nā mea paʻakai paʻakai ʻole. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā organotin stabilizers i ka hana ʻana i nā huahana PVC ma muli o ko lākou ʻike ʻia, ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi o ka wā, a me ka hoʻohālikelike. Hoʻohana pinepine nā mea hoʻopaʻa paʻakai metala i ka calcium, zinc, a i ʻole barium paʻakai, hiki ke hāʻawi i ka paʻa wela maikaʻi. ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa paʻakai inorganic e like me tribasic lead sulfate, dibasic lead phosphite, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loaʻa ka thermostability lōʻihi a me ka insulation uila maikaʻi. Ke koho ʻana i kahi stabilizer PVC kūpono, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i nā kūlana noi o nā huahana PVC a me nā pono paʻa pono. E hoʻopilikia nā stabilizers ʻokoʻa i ka hana o nā huahana PVC ma ke kino a me ke kemika, no laila e koi ʻia ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka hoʻāʻo e hōʻoia i ka kūpono o nā stabilizers. ʻO ka wehewehe kikoʻī a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā ʻano mea hoʻonaninani PVC penei:

Organotin Stabilizer:ʻO nā stabilizer organotin ka mea hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi loa no nā huahana PVC. ʻO kā lākou pūhui nā huahana hopena o nā organotin oxides a i ʻole organotin chlorides me nā waikawa kūpono a i ʻole esters.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā organotin stabilizers i loko o ka sulfur a me ka sulfur-free. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o nā mea hoʻopaʻa sulfur, akā aia nā pilikia i ka ʻono a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia e like me nā pūhui sulfur ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa organotin non-sulfur i ka maleic acid a i ʻole ka hapalua maleic acid esters. Makemake lākou i ka methyl tin stabilizers ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wela wela me ka ʻoi aku o ka māmā māmā.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā organotin stabilizers i ka hoʻopili meaʻai a me nā huahana PVC transparent e like me nā hoses transparent.

Nā mea hoʻopaʻa alakaʻi:ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa alakaʻi maʻamau nā pūhui penei: dibasic lead stearate, hydrated tribasic lead sulfate, dibasic lead phthalate, a dibasic lead phosphate.

Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa wela, ʻaʻole e hōʻino nā pūhui kepau i nā waiwai uila maikaʻi loa, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka wai, a me ke kū ʻana o ka wā waho o nā mea PVC. Eia naʻe,nā mea hoʻopaʻa alakaʻiloaʻa nā hemahema e like me:

- Loaʻa ka ʻona;

- Ka hoʻohaumia ʻana, ʻoi aku me ka sulfur;

- Ka hana ʻana i ke kēpau chloride, ka mea e hana ai i nā streaks ma nā huahana i hoʻopau ʻia;

- Lakiō koʻikoʻi, e loaʻa ana i ka lakio kaumaha/nui ʻole.

- Hana pinepine nā mea hoʻopaʻa alakaʻi i nā huahana PVC i opaque koke a wehe koke i ka wela ma hope o ka wela.

ʻOiai ʻo kēia mau hemahema, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā alakaʻi stabilizer. No ka insulation uila, makemake ʻia nā stabilizers lead. Ma muli o kona hopena maʻamau, ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā huahana PVC maʻalahi a paʻa e like me ke kaula waho o waho, nā papa paʻa PVC opaque, nā paipu paʻa, nā ʻili kūlohelohe, a me nā injectors.

Mea hoʻopaʻa paʻakai metala: Mea hoʻopaʻa paʻakai metalahe mau hui like ʻole, hana maʻamau e like me nā noi PVC kikoʻī a me nā mea hoʻohana. Ua ulu kēia ʻano stabilizer mai ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka barium succinate a me ka cadmium palm acid wale nō i ka hui ʻana o ke kopa barium, kopa cadmium, kopa zinc, a me ka phosphite organik, me nā antioxidants, solvents, extenders, plasticizers, colorants, UV absorbers, brighteners. , nā mea hoʻomalu viscosity, lubricants, a me nā mea ʻono. ʻO ka hopena, nui nā kumu e hiki ke hoʻopili i ka hopena o ka stabilizer hope.

ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa metala, e like me ka barium, calcium, a me ka magnesium ʻaʻole e pale i ke kala mua o nā mea PVC akā hiki ke hāʻawi i ka pale wela no ka wā lōʻihi. ʻO nā mea PVC i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kēia ala e hoʻomaka ai i ka melemele/alani, a laila huli mālie i ka ʻeleʻele, a hope i ka ʻeleʻele ma hope o ka wela mau.

Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia ka Cadmium a me ka zinc stabilizers no ka mea he aniani a hiki ke mālama i ke kala kumu o nā huahana PVC. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka thermostability lōʻihi i hāʻawi ʻia e ka cadmium a me ka zinc stabilizer ma mua o ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia e nā barium, kahi e hoʻohaʻahaʻa koke ai me ka liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe hōʻailona.

Ma waho aʻe o ke kumu o ka ratio metala, pili pū ka hopena o ka paʻakai paʻakai me kā lākou paʻakai paʻakai, ʻo ia nā kumu nui e pili ana i nā waiwai aʻe: lubricity, mobility, transparency, pigment color change, and thermal stability of PVC. Aia ma lalo iho kekahi mau mea hoʻopaʻa metala maʻamau: 2-ethylcaproate, phenolate, benzoate, a me stearate.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa paʻakai metala i nā huahana PVC palupalu a me nā huahana PVC palupalu palupalu e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka meaʻai, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.